(died &circa; 870) First prominent Islamic philosopher. He worked in Iraq under the caliphs al-Mamun and al-Mutasim.
One of the first Arab students of the Greek philosophers, he translated important Greek works into Arabic and tried to combine the views of Plato and Aristotle into a new system. His short treatises considered the philosophical questions set forth by Neoplatonism. He also wrote over 270 scientific treatises on such subjects as astrology, Indian arithmetic, sword manufacturing, and cooking.
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