City (pop., 2003 est.: 2,181,600) and deepwater port on the Liaodong Peninsula, Liaoning province, China. Leased to Russia in 1898, it was made a free port and terminus of the Chinese Eastern Railway (1899).
The Japanese occupied it (1904) during the Russo-Japanese War, and the lease was transferred to Japan by treaty in 1905. Soviet troops captured the city in 1945, but by a Chinese-Soviet treaty it remained under Chinese sovereignty with preferential rights to the port for the U.S.S.R.; Soviet troops withdrew in 1955. It annexed neighbouring Lüshun in 1950. Industries include fishing, shipbuilding, oil refining, and the manufacture of locomotives, machine tools, textiles, and chemicals.
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