(born Nov. 29, 1825, Paris, Fr.—died Aug. 16, 1893, Morvan) French medical teacher and clinician. With Guillaume Duchenne (b.
1806—d. 1875) he is considered the founder of modern neurology. In 1882 he opened Europe's greatest neurological clinic of the day. An extraordinary teacher, he was known for his work with hysteria and hypnosis, which influenced many students, including Sigmund Freud. He described the symptoms of locomotor ataxia and the disintegration of ligaments and joint surfaces it causes (Charcot disease, Charcot joint), pioneered the linking of brain sites with specific functions, and discovered miliary aneurysms in the brain.
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