Semitic language spoken in Mesopotamia in the 3rd–1st millennia &BC;.
It is known from a great many inscriptions, seals, and clay tablets in cuneiform writing. Akkadian supplanted Sumerian as the major spoken language of southern Mesopotamia by 2000 &BC; and about this time split into an Assyrian dialect spoken in the northeast and a Babylonian dialect spoken in the south. Akkadian died out as a vernacular in the first half of the 1st millennium &BC;, being effectively replaced by Aramaic in Mesopotamia, though it continued to be written until about the 1st century &AD;.
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