viability in environmental conservation indicates the ability of a conservation target to persist for many generations or over long time periods.

viability in natural selection denotes the fraction of individuals that survive to a given age.

viability in pregnancy refers to either:

viability in economic development indicates the ability of benefits to cover costs in development projects.

an early stage pregnancy that has a chance of reaching full-term and a live birth (as opposed to, for example, an ectopic pregnancy); or

the shortest length of pregnancy after which a child born prematurely has a chance of survival. Generally, this ranges from 20-27 weeks.

viability of cells and tissues in experimental biology refers to the extent to which those cells and tissues are living.