Homology (biology): analogy of structures due to shared ancestry.

Homology (mathematics), a procedure to associate a sequence of abelian groups or modules with a given mathematical object.

Homologous chromosomes, chromosomes in a biological cell that pair up (synapse) during meiosis.

Homologous series (chemistry), a series of organic compounds with a similar general formula.

Homology (sociology), a structural 'resonance' between the different elements making up a socio-cultural whole.

Homologous temperature, the temperature of a material as a fraction of its absolute melting point.

Homology (chemistry): a compound of a series differing only by repeated units

Homology (anthropology), analogy between human beliefs, practices or artifacts due to genetic or historical connections.

Homology modeling, a method of protein structure prediction