Elihu Willsson, a leading character in Dashiell Hammett's novel Red Harvest.

Elihu Root (1845–1937), an American statesman and recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize.

Elihu Thomson (1853–1937), an engineer instrumental in the founding of electrical companies in the United States, United Kingdom and France, and served as acting president of MIT in 1920.

Elihu Burritt (1810–1879), a philanthropist, linguist, and social activist.

Elihu Yale, the Atlanta Police Chief in Tom Wolfe's novel A Man in Full.

Elihu Katz (1926–), a sociologist.

Elihu Palmer, a founder of the Deistical Society of New York.

Elihu is a senior society at Yale University.

Elihu B. Washburne (1816–1887), a United States politician and a founder of Republican Party

Elihu Vedder (1864–1923), a painter, book illustrator, and poet.

Elihu Harris, mayor of Oakland, California, U.S.

Elihu Emory Jackson, a governor of Maryland, U.S.

Elihu, a friend of Job appearing in the Book of Job.