Bolsheviks were members of the Marxist Russian Social-Democratic Labor Party's Bolshevik faction. Bolshevik may also refer to:

Bolshevik-Leninist, a self-description used by early Trotskyists

Bolshevik (urban-type settlement), an urban-type settlement in Magadan Oblast, Russia

Bolshevik, name of a number of rural settlements in Russia

Bolshevik Island, the southernmost island of the Severnaya Zemlya group

a former name of St. Anastasia Island in the Black Sea.