Spatial anomaly, a very broad term in Star Trek and other science fiction for any sort of extraordinary disruption in the space-time continuum

Anomalous phenomenon

Anomalies, small areas in the game S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Shadow of Chernobyl which have different effects on the game environment.

Pioneer anomaly, the observed deviation of the trajectories of various unmanned spacecraft

Anomaly (physics), the failure of a symmetry of a theory's classical action

Chiral anomaly, the anomalous nonconservation of a chiral current

Collie eye anomaly, a congenital, inherited, bilateral eye disease of dogs involving the retina, choroid, and sclera

"Anomaly" (Enterprise episode), a third season episode of Star Trek: Enterprise

Congenital vertebral anomaly, a collection of malformations of the spine in animals and infants

True anomaly, the angle between the direction of periapsis and the current position of an object on its orbit

Eccentric anomaly, an intermediate value used to compute the position of a celestial object as a function of time

Gravity anomaly, the difference between the observed gravity and a value predicted from a model

Gauge anomaly, an effect of quantum mechanics that invalidates the gauge symmetry of a quantum field theory

Ebstein's anomaly, a congenital heart defect in which the opening of the tricuspid valve is displaced towards the right ventricle of the heart

Mean anomaly, a measure of time in the study of orbital dynamics

Anomaly in software, anything that differs from expectations, whether the expectations resulted from documentation, experiences or otherwise

South Atlantic Anomaly, the region where Earth's inner van Allen radiation belt makes its closest approach to the planet's surface

Flyby anomaly, an unexpected energy increase during Earth flybys of satellites

Ararat anomaly, an object on Mount Ararat claimed to be Noah's Ark

Kursk Magnetic Anomaly, a territory rich in iron ores located within Kursk Oblast, Belgorod Oblast, and Oryol Oblast

Conformal anomaly, a quantum phenomenon that breaks the conformal symmetry of the classical theory

Gravitational anomaly, an effect of quantum mechanics that invalidates the general covariance of a theory of general relativity

Global anomaly, an anomaly in quantum physics

Anomaly (comics), a DC Comics villain

Iridium anomaly, a very rare element in the Earth's crust

Uhl anomaly, a very seldom congenital heart disease with a partial or total loss of the myocard muscle in the righter ventricle

Bouguer anomaly, an anomaly in gravimetry

Mixed anomaly, an effect of quantum mechanics

Free-air anomaly, the gravity anomaly that has been computed for latitude and corrected for elevation of the station

Market anomaly, a price distortion on a financial market

Konishi anomaly, the violation of the conservation of the Noether current associated with certain transformations

Coronary artery anomaly, a congenital abnormality in the coronary anatomy of the heart

Parity anomaly, an anomaly associated with parity

Time anomaly, a fictional phenomena from the TV series Primeval

Anomalies, a musical album by Cephalic Carnage.

Anna-Molly, a song by Incubus whose title sounds like "anomaly" when sung. It refers to "a woman who may or may not exist in real life".