In the following essay, Yearley advocates applying to the Analects the same modern scholarship methods that are used in studying the New Testament.

In the following essay, Zhang explores the place of rights and duties in the Confucian view of human dignity.

In the following essay, Jensen traces the evolution of scholars's understanding of Confucian concepts over the centuries.

In the following essay, Creel traces Thomas Jefferson's ideas and the ideals of the French Revolution to the writings of Confucius.

In the following excerpt, Sprenkel describes six distinct interpretations of Confucianism and discusses how each has been used to bolster particular notions of social behavior.

In the following essay, Holzman presents an analysis of Confucius as a literary critic.

In the following excerpt, Ivanhoe uses Analects 5.13 to illustrate some profound philosophical differences in the tradition of Confucian interpretation.

In the following essay, Giles provides a character sketch of Confucius and discusses his reputation in the West.

In the following essay, Hosie offers a biographical sketch of Confucius.

In the following essay, Wawrytko contends that Confucian philosophy epitomizes the feminist agenda.

In the following essay, Smith discusses whether Confucianism should be treated as a religion or as a philosophy with religious ethics.

In the following essay, Weiming identifies what he considers the fundamentals of Confucianism and examines Confucius as a spiritual leader and teacher.

In the following excerpt, originally published in 1893, Legge discusses the formation of the text of the Analects, provides evidence that it was written by disciples of Confucius, and gives an overview of commentaries on the work.

In the following essay, first published in 1928, Pound notes that Confucius exhibits a concern, unparalleled by any other philosopher, for government.