SOURCE: “Poe's Providential Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym,” in ESQ: A Journal of the American Renaissance, Vol. 27, No. 3, 1981, pp. 147-56.
In the following essay, Fukuchi explores the idea of providence in Pym's thematic and structural design, noting that human actions in the narrative are “played out against [a divine plan” that renders them ineffectual.]
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