For W. S. Graham, language is like an ocean in which he struggles, or like weather in which he sails, or like a jungle in which he risks his life. Graham employs all these images to describe the poet's overwhelming, terrifying but necessary medium—a medium which is embodied in the wilderness of society, but which is also a way out of it…. Significantly, the first sequence in Graham's Implements in their Places is called 'What is the Language Using us for?', and it is about determination in the face of helplessness. A poet cannot do without language, but getting away from it is to fall 'Deep down into a glass jail … in a telephoneless, blue / Green crevasse' where presumably Graham's poems are 'messages being hoisted up …' Since his purpose is to make a 'real' place for language in his life while recognising that words fall...