one of the most famous cities of antiquity. It was the capital of southern Mesopotamia (Babylonia) from the early 2nd millennium to the early 1st millennium &BC; and capital of the Neo-Babylonian (Chaldean) empire in the 7th and 6th centur...

Nina Bari's work focused on trigonometric series. She refined the constructive method of proof to prove results in function theory, and her work is regarded as the foundation of function and trigonometric series theory. Nina Karlovna Bari ...

In the study of probability, two events A and B are said to be independent events if neither event influences or effects the other. For example, tossing a coin twice yields independent events because whether the coin shows heads or tails o...

Bernhard Placidus Johann Nepomuk Bolzano was a Czechoslovakian theologian, philosopher, and mathematician who wrote and published pioneering works on infinite set series and the infinitesimal. Born in Prague, Bohemia in 1781, Bolzano enter...

The Welsh mathematician, philosopher, and social reformer Bertrand Arthur William Russell, 3d Earl Russell (1872-1970), made original and decisive contributions to logic and mathematics and wrote with distinction in all fields of philosoph...

Bhaskara, or Bha-skara-cha-rya as he is sometimes known, was the leading mathematician of the 12th century. He applied the concept of zero, decimal notation, the use of letters to represent unknown quantities in equations, and he developed...

In algebra, a formula for expansion of the binomial (&math.x; + &math.y;) raised to any positive integer power. A simple case is the expansion of (&math.x; + &math.y;)2, which is &math.x;2 + 2&math.x;&math.y; + &math.y;2. In general, the e...

The Bolzano-Weierstrass Theorem is an important result in point-set topology, the branch of mathematics that concerns the properties of sets and the points that comprise them. As an example, the real number line contains subsets of interva...

In 1847 George Boole (1815–1864), an English mathematician, published one of the works that founded symbolic logic. His combination of ideas from classical logic and algebra resulted in what is called Boolean algebra. Using variable...

The English mathematician Brook Taylor (1685-1731) is best known for the Taylor series and contributions to the theory of finite differences. Brook Taylor was born at Edmonton on Aug. 18, 1685, the eldest son of John and Olivia Taylor. Aft...

Bézout's theorem is named after the French mathematician Etienne Bézout, who stated and gave a (partially correct) proof of the result in 1779. The statement itself is much much older, appearing in the works of Jacques Bernou...