Ian Hacking (born 1936-02-18 in Vancouver) is a Canadian philosopher specializing in philosophy of science . He became a lecturer at Cambridge in 1969, and shifted to Stanford in 1974 to teach in behavioural science. After teaching for sev...

The earliest poems and short stories of Ian Hamilton Finlay are characterized by economy of language and a direct, simple effectiveness. During the 1960s he turned for his materials toward a largely unexplored territory (at that time misle...

Ian Hislop (born 1960) is the editor and part-owner of British satirical magazine Private Eye . Sourced Boris Johnson , people always ask me the same question, they say, 'Is Boris a very very clever man pretending to be an idiot?' And I al...

Professor Sir Ian Kershaw (born 1943-04-29 ) is a British historian, now based at the University of Sheffield . He is a specialist in the study of Adolf Hitler and the Third Reich . Sourced The road to Auschwitz was built by hate, but pave...

Ian McEwan is very much a product of the new British universities, those popularly known as "plate-glass universities" to distinguish them from the older "red-brick universities" at which writers such as Kinglsey Amis or Philip Larkin have...

Political leader and minister of religion, Ian K. Paisley (born 1926) played a significant role in the bitter strife that plagued Northern Ireland for decades. Ian Kyle Paisley, born on April 6, 1926, was reared in the tradition of evangel...

Ian Reid. The Short Story. London: Methuen, 1977. A Discussion. The intrinsic `properties' of the short story have been in debate for well ov...

According to a reviewer for the Washington Post Book World, Ian Watson is "probably the best thinker" in British science fiction. "I'm attempting to alter the states of mind of my readers, to make them more conscious of the operating progr...

Ian Wilmut (born 1944) was a quiet unassuming British embryologist who worked to improve the productivity of farm animals. By February 1997, he had shocked the scientific community by successfully cloning the first mammal from the DNA of a...

The potential for ADDICTION or ABUSE influences the licit medical use of many drugs, including OPIOIDS, BENZODIAZEPINES, BARBITURATES, and others. This influence can be evaluated from two perspectives—(1) the risk that addiction or ...

Nikolai Iazykov would most likely have perceived his role in the development of Russian Romantic literature quite differently than did either his contemporaries or the subsequent generations of critics. He would have placed a greater value...

Armando P. Ibáñez is a poet who writes passionately about man and his physical and spiritual existence. Though Ibáñez's poetry tends to explore existential universal themes, his constant use of the Spanish langu...

(2002 est. pop. 3.1 million). Ibaraki Prefecture is situated in the central region of Japan's island of Honshu, where it occupies an area of 6,095 square kilometers. Ibaraki's main geographical features are the Abukuma and Ya...

IBERIAN RELIGION. The term Iberian religion is used here geographically. It refers to the religious systems of Iberia, the name the Greeks gave in antiquity to the Iberian Peninsula, from the arrival of the Phoenicians (documented by the n...

IBĀḌIYYA. The Ibāḍiyya sect (also known as the Ibāḍī sect, or simply as the Ibāḍīs) constitutes one of the main branches of Islam. The Ibāḍīs are re...

STRETCH was the code name for the International Business Machines (IBM) Corporation's first line of supercomputers, the IBM Stretch 7030; where the first unit was completed in 1961. A supercomputer is a large, very fast, and expensive comp...

Ibn Al- s Meccan Illuminations. Louisville: Fons Vitae, forthcoming. Sells, Michael A. Mystical Languages of Unsaying. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994....

d. 1248 Arab botanist and pharmacist whose works included botanical and pharmaceutical encyclopedias. Ibn al-Baitar spent his early career in Spain before embarking in 1219 on an expedition across the North African coast, where he collecte...

IBN AL-FĀRIḌ (AH 576–632/1181–1235 CE), more fully Abū Ḥafṣ or Abū al-Qāsim ʿUmar ibn Abī al-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn al-Murshid ibn ʿAlī...

c. 1305-c. 1375 Arab astronomer who sought to restore uniform circular motion to planetary theory by replacing Ptolemy's eccentric deferent and equant with secondary epicycles. This eliminated a major defect of Ptolemaic lunar theor...

Known in the Latin West as Avempace, the ill-fated philosopher Ibn Bajja remains somewhat mysterious. It is not known exactly when and where he was born, and there are gaps in his biography. He had an extensive knowledge of medicine and in...

Ibn Battuta in Black Africa by Abu Abdalla ibn Battuta Born in Tangier, Morocco, in 1304, Abdalla ibn Battuta is often regarded as the foremost traveler of medieval times. In three decades of nearly constant wandering, he set foot in the te...

IBN DAUD, AVRAHAM (1110–1180), known in rabbinic texts by the acronym RABaD I (Rabbi Avraham ben David), to distinguish him from Rabad II, Avraham ben Yitsḥaq of Narbonne, and Rabad III, Avraham ben David of Posquières...

Plan for this world as if you expect to live forever; but plan for the hereafter as if you expect to die tomorrow. I am better able to retract what I did not say than what I did....

920-990 Arab Traveler Over a series of journeys that lasted some 30 years, Ibn Hawkal saw almost the entire Muslim world, from Spain to Central Asia, from the cool mountains of Afghanistan to the hot sands of West Africa. He set down an ac...