Artificial manipulation, modification, and recombination of DNA or other nucleic-acid molecules in order to modify an organism or population of organisms. The term initially meant any of a wide range of techniques for modifying or manipula...

All the genes on a single chromosome. They are inherited as a group; during cell division they act and move as a unit rather than independently. Variations in linkage groups can occur if a chromosome breaks, and the sections join with the ...

Hundreds of scientists are currently working together toward one common goal: to decipher the coded information in the human genome. A genome includes all the DNA within a cell's chromosomes. The human genome consists of an estimated 50,00...

Genetic material is the inheritable material of an organism. The genetic material of most life forms is comprised of DNA. DNA is present in the cells as chromosomes, which are found in the nucleus of eukaryotes. This is not the only locati...

As scientific research reveals more information about treating diseases and maintaining good health, it has become increasingly important to identify diseases in their early stages in order to treat them most effectively. Thus, researchers...

GMOs (Genetically modified organisms) are organisms whose genetic makeup has been altered through modification of its specific genes. GMOs widely represent all the living organisms that possess DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid); such organisms in...

Geneticists, or genetic scientists, study heredity. Heredity is the process by which certain characteristics of an organism are handed down from parent to offspring. Geneticists study plants and animals, including humans. Geneticists work ...

Lloyd, Genevieve(1941–) Born in Cootamundra in New South Wales, Australia, Genevieve Lloyd studied philosophy at the University of Sydney and then at Oxford. Her DPhil, awarded in 1973, was on Time and Tense. From 1967 until 1987 sh...

Genghis Khan (1167-1227) was the creator of the Mongol nation and the founder of one of the vastest empires the world has ever seen. Genghis Khan, whose original name was Temüjin, was born on the banks of the river Onon in the extreme...

Person of extraordinary intellectual power. The genius displays originality, creativity, and the ability to think and work in areas not previously explored. Though geniuses have usually left their unique mark in a particular field, studies...

the deliberate and systematic destruction of a group of people because of their ethnicity, nationality, religion, or race. The term, derived from the Greek genos (“race,” “tribe,” or “nation”) and the La...

Matt Ridley argues in his essay, "Genome" written in 1999, that there exists a genetic basis for language acquisition. The essay, "A Clone Is Born," written by Gina Kolata, presents numerous view points on the issues of human cloning. Altho...

Genomics is a recent scientific discipline that strives to define and characterize the complete genetic makeup of an organism. Its primary approaches are to determine the entire sequence and structure of an organism's DNA (its genom...

An individual's genotype is the composition, in the individual's genome, of a specific region of DNA that varies within a population. (The genome of the individual is the total collection of the DNA in a cell's chromos...

GENSHIN (942–1017), also known by the title Eshin Sōzu, was a Japanese Buddhist priest of the Tendai sect and patriarch of Japanese Pure Land Buddhism. Genshin was born in the village of Taima in Yamato Province (modern Nara ...

Gentile da Fabriano (ca. 1370-1427) was the leading Italian painter of the International Gothic style. Gentile da Fabriano, whose real name was Gentile di Niccolò di Giovanni di Massio, came from Fabriano in the Marches. According t...

On Being a Gentleman An ancient Ford Taurus sits on the side of I-95 with a flat tire and no spare. A poor stranded woman is stuck out in the middle of nowhere in the rain. Hours have passed by and no one has stopped to help. Then out ...

The Gentleman is a 1994 Bollywood film directed by Mahesh Bhatt. The film stars Chiranjeevi, Paresh Rawal, and Juhi Chawla. It is a remake of S. Shankar's debut film, Gentleman....

Novel, stage play, and, most notably, popular 1953 film Gentlemen Prefer Blondes began as a series of satiric sketches written by Anita Loos and published by Harper's Bazaar in 1925. The series featured two pretty and bright but uns...

Biological classification. It ranks below family and above species, consisting of structurally or phylogenetically (&see; phylogenetic tree) related species or a single species exhibiting unusual differences. For example, the species of ro...

Developmental path followed by individual elements or groups of elements in the crustal and subcrustal zones of the Earth and on its surface. The concept encompasses geochemical differentiation (natural separation and concentration of elem...