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Oil Embargo The year of 1973 marks one of the most important turning points in the history of the twentieth century. Prior to 1973, the world had become accustomed to a plentiful supply of inexpensive fossil fuels: coal, petroleum, and natural gas. ... Study Pack: 2 Summaries About 22 pages (6,498 words) in 2 products

2,4,5-T A broad-leaf herbicide, now banned for use in the United States. Its full name is 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid. After postemergence treatment it is readily absorbed by foliage and roots and translocated throughout the plant. This herb... Study Pack: 2 Summaries About 2 pages (491 words) in 2 products

2,4-D One of the nation's most popular weed killers, the herbicide 2,4-D (also known as 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) has been widely used by homeowners, timber companies, government agencies, farmers, and power companies to eliminate u... Study Pack: 2 Summaries About 4 pages (1,117 words) in 2 products

Abel Wolman (1892 – 1989) American Engineer and Educator Born June 10, 1892 in Baltimore, the fourth of six children of Polish-Jewish immigrants, Wolman became one of the world's most highly respected leaders in the field of sanitary engineering, which evolved into what is now known as en... Study Pack: 1 Summary About 3 pages (843 words) in 1 product

No-Observable-Adverse-Effect-Level The NOAEL is the lowest "dose" or exposure level to a non-cancer-causing chemical at which no increase in adverse effects is seen in test animals compared with animals in a control group. First, a NOAEL is determined. For ins... Study Pack: 2 Summaries About 2 pages (643 words) in 2 products

Acclimation Acclimatization is a process whereby the human body becomes adapted to the challenges brought about by a change in altitude. The decreasing amount of oxygen available as altitude—the vertical distance above the level of the sea--incr... Study Pack: 3 Summaries About 4 pages (1,226 words) in 3 products

Accuracy Accuracy and precision both concern the quality of a measure. However, the terms have different meanings and should not be used as substitutes for one another. Precision depends on the unit used to obtain a measure. The smaller the unit, ... Study Pack: 3 Summaries About 10 pages (2,928 words) in 3 products

Acetone Acetone is a colorless, flammable, and volatile liquid with a characteristic odor that can be detected at very low concentrations. It is used in consumer goods such as nail polish remover, model airplane glue, lacquers, and paints. Industr... Study Pack: 3 Summaries About 6 pages (1,930 words) in 3 products

Acid Mine Drainage The process of mining the earth for coal and metal ores has a long history of rich economic rewards—and a high level of environmental impact to the surrounding aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Acid mine drainage is the highly a... Study Pack: 3 Summaries About 15 pages (4,605 words) in 3 products

Acid Deposition   BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE A seed is formed from the ovule of a flower as a result of fertilisation, and is then dispersed from the parent plant. If the seed lands in a suitable place, it will germinate. Germination is the growth of the embryo i... Study Pack: 11 Summaries, 1 Viewpoint, 3 Essays About 141 pages (42,360 words) in 15 products

Acid Rain   BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE A seed is formed from the ovule of a flower as a result of fertilisation, and is then dispersed from the parent plant. If the seed lands in a suitable place, it will germinate. Germination is the growth of the embryo i... Study Pack: 11 Summaries, 1 Viewpoint, 3 Essays About 141 pages (42,360 words) in 15 products

Activated Sludge The activated sludge process is an aerobic (oxygen-rich), continuous-flow biological method for the treatment of domestic and biodegradable industrial wastewater, in which organic matter is utilized by microorganisms for life-sustaining ... Study Pack: 2 Summaries About 9 pages (2,804 words) in 2 products

Adam Werbach (1972 – ) American Environmentalist Adam Werbach was born in Tarzana, California, the second son of a psychiatrist father and therapist mother. His strong environmental conscience was nurtured by his parents, who were both activists in the Sierra Club. Werbach became a Sie... Study Pack: 1 Summary About 2 pages (454 words) in 1 product

Adaptation   When I first arrived at Burnaby North Secondary, I felt lost. I had just recently moved from Coquitlam to Burnaby, making the transition from Middle School to High School even more grueling. In Coquitlam, I attended Hillcrest Middle School... Study Pack: 8 Summaries, 1 Essay About 16 pages (4,930 words) in 9 products

Adaptive Management Adaptive management is taking an idea, implementing it, and then documenting and learning from any mistakes or benefits of the experiment. The basic idea behind adaptive management is that natural systems are too complex, too non-linear,... Study Pack: 3 Summaries About 5 pages (1,481 words) in 3 products

Adirondack Mountains A range of mountains in northeastern New York, containing Mt. Marcy (5,344 ft; 1,644 m), the state's highest point. Bounded by the Mohawk Valley on the south, the St. Lawrence Valley on the northeast, and by the Hudson River and L... Study Pack: 2 Summaries About 15 pages (4,404 words) in 2 products

Adsorption Adsorption is the accumulation of atoms, molecules, or ions at the surface of a solid or liquid as the result of physical or chemical forces. It differs from absorption, in that an adsorbed substance remains at the surface while an absorbe... Study Pack: 4 Summaries About 11 pages (3,216 words) in 4 products

Sorption Adsorption is the accumulation of atoms, molecules, or ions at the surface of a solid or liquid as the result of physical or chemical forces. It differs from absorption, in that an adsorbed substance remains at the surface while an absorbe... Study Pack: 4 Summaries About 11 pages (3,216 words) in 4 products

Aerobic Until Louis Pasteur investigated the production of alcohol by yeasts, it was believed that life was only possible in the presence of air, i.e., under aerobic conditions. This is true for higher organisms, but many bacteria and some protozo... Study Pack: 3 Summaries About 2 pages (472 words) in 3 products

Aerobic/Anaerobic Systems Aerobic microorganisms require the presence of oxygen for growth. Molecular oxygen functions in the respiratory pathway of the microbes to produce the energy necessary for life. Bacteria, yeasts, fungi, and algae are capable of aerobic gro... Study Pack: 3 Summaries About 6 pages (1,653 words) in 3 products

Aflatoxin Toxic compounds produced by some fungi and among the most potent naturally occurring carcinogens for humans and animals. Aflatoxin intake is positively related to high incidence of liver cancer in humans in many developing countries. In ma... Study Pack: 2 Summaries About 5 pages (1,607 words) in 2 products

African Wildlife Foundation The African Wildlife Foundation (AWF), headquartered in Washington, DC, was established in 1961 to promote the protection of the animals native to Africa. The group maintains offices in both Washington, DC, and Nairobi, Kenya. The Africa... Study Pack: 1 Summary About 2 pages (459 words) in 1 product

Africanized Bees The Africanized bee (Apis mellifera scutellata), or "killer bee," is an extremely aggressive honeybee. This bee developed when African honeybees were brought to Brazil to mate with other bees to increase honey production. T... Study Pack: 2 Summaries About 12 pages (3,466 words) in 2 products

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) studies the health effects of hazardous substances in general and at specific locations. As indicated by its title, the Agency maintains a registry of people exposed to toxic c... Study Pack: 2 Summaries About 5 pages (1,533 words) in 2 products

Agent Orange   Agent Orange is one of several herbicide preparations used by the U.S. Defense Department to destroy forests and enemy crops in Vietnam in the 1960s. Agent Orange contains a 50:50 mixture of two herbicides: 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic... Study Pack: 3 Summaries About 23 pages (6,792 words) in 3 products

Agglomeration Any process by which a group of individual particles is clumped together into a single mass. The term has a number of specialized uses. Some types of rocks are formed by the agglomeration of particles of sand, clay, or some other material.... Study Pack: 2 Summaries About 4 pages (1,219 words) in 2 products

Agricultural Chemicals Modern agriculture depends quite heavily on the advances that have been made in science, and chemistry in particular, to maximize the yield of crops and animal products.Fertilizers, pesticides, and antibiotics play ever increasing roles in... Study Pack: 5 Summaries About 16 pages (4,796 words) in 5 products

Agricultural Pollution Modern agriculture depends quite heavily on the advances that have been made in science, and chemistry in particular, to maximize the yield of crops and animal products.Fertilizers, pesticides, and antibiotics play ever increasing roles in... Study Pack: 5 Summaries About 16 pages (4,796 words) in 5 products

Agricultural Environmental Management The complex interaction of agriculture and environment has been an issue since the beginning of man. Humans grow food to eat and also hunt animals that depend on natural resources for healthy ongoing habitats. Therefore, the world'... Study Pack: 1 Summary About 4 pages (1,328 words) in 1 product

Food Policy   Throughout U.S. history farming has been an important way of life for American families and essential for the nation's economic health. During the first two decades of the twentieth century farmers experienced economic growth and pr... Study Pack: 3 Summaries About 39 pages (11,557 words) in 3 products

Agricultural Research Service A branch of the U.S. Department of Agriculture charged with the responsibility of agricultural research on a regional or national basis. The Agricultural Research Service (ARS) has a mission to develop new knowledge and technology needed t... Study Pack: 2 Summaries About 3 pages (916 words) in 2 products

Agricultural Revolution The development of agriculture has been a fundamental part of the march of civilization. It is an ongoing challenge, for as long as population growth continues, mankind will need to improve agricultural production. The agricultural revol... Study Pack: 2 Summaries About 4 pages (1,303 words) in 2 products

Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service For the past half century, agriculture in the United States has faced the somewhat unusual and enviable problem of overproduction. Farmers have produced more food than United States citizens can consume, and, as a result, per capita farm i... Study Pack: 2 Summaries About 2 pages (492 words) in 2 products

Agroecology An agricultural ecosystem, which is also known as an agroecosystem, is a place where agricultural production—a farm, for example—is understood as an ecosystem. When something like a farm field is examined from an ecosystem vi... Study Pack: 3 Summaries About 8 pages (2,526 words) in 3 products

Agroforestry Agroforestry is a land use system in which woody perennials (trees, shrubs, vines, palms, bamboo, etc.) are intentionally combined on the same land management unit with crops and sometimes animals, either in a spatial arrangement or a te... Study Pack: 2 Summaries About 4 pages (1,082 words) in 2 products

Aids   LE SIDA VIH et les SIDAS nous affectent tous, indépendamment de notre position dans la société. La situation de le SIDA s'empire de jour en jour et se répète un peu partout. Souligner la gravité de la problem... Study Pack: 16 Summaries, 2 Viewpoints, 10 Essays, 5 Criticisms, 1 Quotes About 557 pages (167,197 words) in 34 products

Air and Waste Management Association Founded in 1907 as the International Association for the Prevention of Smoke, this group changed its name several times as the interests of its members changed, becoming the Air and Waste Management Association (A&WMA) in the late... Study Pack: 1 Summary About 1 pages (385 words) in 1 product

Filters Primarily devices for removing particles from aerosols. Filters utilize a variety of microscopic forms and a variety of mechanisms to accomplish this. Most common are fibrous filters, in which the fibers are of cellulose (paper filters),... Study Pack: 2 Summaries About 8 pages (2,426 words) in 2 products

Air Pollution   As time progresses forward, so does humanity along with impressive technological advances created to lessen the stress upon the daily lives of civilians. But with these new advances also emerges unperceivable and unmanageable tribulations... Study Pack: 14 Summaries, 3 Essays About 78 pages (23,493 words) in 17 products

Air Pollution Control   As time progresses forward, so does humanity along with impressive technological advances created to lessen the stress upon the daily lives of civilians. But with these new advances also emerges unperceivable and unmanageable tribulations... Study Pack: 14 Summaries, 3 Essays About 78 pages (23,493 words) in 17 products

Air-Pollutant Transport   As time progresses forward, so does humanity along with impressive technological advances created to lessen the stress upon the daily lives of civilians. But with these new advances also emerges unperceivable and unmanageable tribulations... Study Pack: 14 Summaries, 3 Essays About 78 pages (23,493 words) in 17 products

Ambient Air   As time progresses forward, so does humanity along with impressive technological advances created to lessen the stress upon the daily lives of civilians. But with these new advances also emerges unperceivable and unmanageable tribulations... Study Pack: 14 Summaries, 3 Essays About 78 pages (23,493 words) in 17 products

Atmospheric (Air) Pollutants   As time progresses forward, so does humanity along with impressive technological advances created to lessen the stress upon the daily lives of civilians. But with these new advances also emerges unperceivable and unmanageable tribulations... Study Pack: 14 Summaries, 3 Essays About 78 pages (23,493 words) in 17 products

Pollution Control   As time progresses forward, so does humanity along with impressive technological advances created to lessen the stress upon the daily lives of civilians. But with these new advances also emerges unperceivable and unmanageable tribulations... Study Pack: 14 Summaries, 3 Essays About 78 pages (23,493 words) in 17 products

Primary Pollutant   As time progresses forward, so does humanity along with impressive technological advances created to lessen the stress upon the daily lives of civilians. But with these new advances also emerges unperceivable and unmanageable tribulations... Study Pack: 14 Summaries, 3 Essays About 78 pages (23,493 words) in 17 products

Air Pollution Index   According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the average person breathes in 3,400 gallons of air each day. Because air is so essential to life, it is important that it be free of pollutants. Throughout the world poor air qualit... Study Pack: 4 Summaries About 51 pages (15,317 words) in 4 products

Air Quality   According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the average person breathes in 3,400 gallons of air each day. Because air is so essential to life, it is important that it be free of pollutants. Throughout the world poor air qualit... Study Pack: 4 Summaries About 51 pages (15,317 words) in 4 products

Airshed A geographical region, usually a topographical basin, that tends to have uniform air quality. The air quality within an airshed is influenced predominantly by emission activities native to that airshed, since the elevated topography around... Study Pack: 2 Summaries About 0 pages (125 words) in 2 products

Albert Gore Jr. (1948 – ) American Former U.s. Representative, Senator and Vice President of the United States   U.S. representative, senator, and 45th vice president of the United States, Albert Gore, Jr. (born 1948), was the son of a long-time Democratic congressman from Tennessee. Albert Gore, Jr., was born in Washington, D.C., on March 31, 1948. ... Study Pack: 1 Biography, 2 Summaries, 1 Quotes About 82 pages (24,489 words) in 4 products

Alaska Highway The Alaska Highway, sometimes referred to as the Alcan (Alaska-Canada) Highway, is the final link of a binational transportation corridor that provides an overland route between the lower United States and Alaska. The first, all-weather,... Study Pack: 2 Summaries About 11 pages (3,298 words) in 2 products