The English philosopher Francis Herbert Bradley (1846-1924) based his thought on the principles of absolute idealism. He rigorously criticized all philosophies based on the "school of experience." Born in Clapham on Jan. 30, 1846, F. H. Br...

Beginning his career as a book illustrator in 1843, F. O. C. Darley was the most prolific and successful illustrator of his generation. From the time of his earliest work until his death the words "illustrated by Darley" on the title page ...

The poet, political activist, and constitutional theorist Francis Reginald Scott (1899-1985) was a catalyst in the struggle for Canadian political, legal, and literary independence; for human rights and fundamental freedoms in Canada; and ...

F. Scott Fitzgerald was a writer very much of his own time. As Malcolm Cowley once put it, he lived in a room full of clocks and calendars. The years ticked away while he noted the songs, the shows, the books, the quarterbacks. His own car...

The scholarship already accumulated on the subject of F. O. Matthiessen may be larger than that on any other American scholar born in the twentieth century. As the collective reminiscences published in the Monthly Review shortly after his ...

A generational shift occurred in Icelandic literature around the year 1920. Iceland had just achieved full sovereignty under the Danish Crown at the close of 1918, and in many fields--the social sciences, culture, and the arts--young, trai...

Ronald L. Fair, novelist and poet, is known for his experimental and versatile literary forms. Although he sustains the naturalistic tradition of Richard Wright by clarifying the impersonal forces that both limit and determine human life, ...

One of Norway's most prolific and popular contemporary writers, Knut Faldbakken is also the Norwegian novelist who has had the greatest success in the English-speaking world. While the reading public has shown a great appetite for Faldbakk...

Lady Currie, who wrote under the pen name of Violet Fane, was a much admired, well-known poet of the last quarter of the nineteenth century. Like many of the minor poets of Victorian England, Lady Currie was born to privilege and social ra...

Katherine Fanning built the Anchorage Daily News into the winner of a Pulitzer Prize. She later became one of the few women in the 1980s to lead a major American newspaper, the Christian Science Monitor, and the first woman to head the Ame...

The English novelist and diarist Fanny Burney (1752-1840) was one of the most popular novelists of the late 18th century. She was also an important chronicler of English manners, morals, and society. Fanny Burney, originally named Frances,...

Fanny Lewald was one of the most respected and successful German woman novelists of the mid nineteenth century. Contemporary critics praised her novels for their serious social, political, and ethical content. Today they serve as a rich mi...

Norma Farber was a poet steeped in both New England and Old World tradition. Born in Boston, Massachusetts, on 6 August 1909 to G. Augustus and Augusta Schon Holzman, Farber began writing poetry in grammar school. She was educated at the G...

During mid-nineteenth-century debates about workers' rights, women's roles, and American industry, editor, essayist, publisher, and "factory girl" Harriet Farley produced a body of work that documents tensions over issues of class, gender,...

Penelope Farmer's writings are widely varied: she has written books for children in the primary grades (including contemporary realistic fiction, historical fiction, and mythological retellings), fantasies for older children, and, most rec...

Irvin Faust began writing late in life but his literary career has been productive since that late start. He works by day as a high school guidance counselor in Garden City, Long Island, and at night as a writer of fiction in New York City...

Fay Weldon, who is also a successful stage, radio, and television playwright, established her reputation as a novelist by writing tart, intelligent, and often comic fictions about the lives and natures of women. A satirist with a sharp sen...

The poetry of the Spanish author Federico García Lorca (1898-1936) is marked by brilliance, originality, and dramatic flair. His plays are among the best examples of 20th-century poetic drama. In the 20th century Federico Garc&iacut...

Noting that Charles E. Feinberg's name will forever be associated with Walt Whitman, University of Paris-Sorbonne Professor Emeritus Roger Asselineau was once moved to remark that "for nearly half a century Feinberg was in a way Whitman's ...

Elaine Feinstein has excelled as both a poet and a novelist and is also a television playwright and a translator. Expertise in more than one genre is as rare in England as it is in America; and suspicion of such generalism is frequently in...

Sometime around 1895 a developing interest in Arthurian legend led Paul Louis Feiss to acquire a copy of Sir Thomas Malory's Le Morte d'Arthur (1485) at a secondhand book sale. There is no record of the edition or distinguishing features o...

When Felicia Hemans's Dartmoor won the Royal Society of Literature's poetry prize for 1821, her eldest son exclaimed, "Now I am sure mamma is a better poet than Lord Byron!" Many in the next decades were to take the comparison seriously. F...

Felix Dahn is traditionally considered one of the chief representatives of the Professorenroman (archaeological novel), a subgenre of the historical novel that flourished briefly during the latter half of the nineteenth century. Unlike the...

In his poems, short stories, novels, and dramas Ludwig Fels calls attention to an apathetic society which ignores those who are at its periphery. In living pictures he expresses provocatively and precisely what he fears, what worries him, ...

Jenny Fenno's poetry rarely surprises the reader. The steady couplets and expected imagery of her roughly seventy poems tempt one to think her not unusual or remarkable as a writer, and literary history has largely pigeonholed her into a "...