Langdon (whom he called "Livy") on 2 February 1870, Twain had begun to rehearse his memories of his days as a boy in Hannibal (1839-1853) and as a pilot on the Mississippi River steamboats (1857-1861), and these vivid recollections burst forth in a series of lyrically evocative manuscripts:
Old Times on the Mississippi (serialized in the
Atlantic Monthly, January-June and August 1875; published as a book in 1876); then a boy book accurately named
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876); next a collection of river lore titled
Life on the Mississippi (1883); and, as culmination, his greatest achievement,
The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884). These books, together with his romance of medieval England,
A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court (1889), and a postscript story of life in a small Mississippi River town,
Pudd'nhead Wilson (1894), are considered by most critics to constitute his major literary works. In recent years greater notice has been accorded Twain's post-1900 efforts, particularly
The Mysterious Stranger (1916) manuscripts. At intervals throughout his career Twain collected his shorter pieces in book form; the most notable are
Mark Twain's Sketches, New and Old (1875), exuberant and infectiously comic;
The Stolen White Elephant (1882), containing several fine stories;
The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg and Other Stories and Essays (1900); and
The $30,000 Bequest and Other Stories (1906), characteristic in mixing marginal and previous work with superlative and fresh material.
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