Fritz London discovered practical applications of quantum mechanics and is known primarily for his work with the explanation of the covalent bond in hydrogen. His theories regarding superconductivity and superfluids were also important contributions to the development of these areas of science. Fritz Wolfgang London was born on March 7, 1900, in Breslau, Germany (now Wroclaw, Poland). He was the elder of two sons born to Luise (Hamburger) and Franz London, who taught mathematics at the University of Breslau as well as at the University of Bonn. Fritz London received a classical education in high school, and his university studies followed the same pattern. He attended the universities of Bonn, Frankfurt, and Munich, receiving his Ph.D. in philosophy from Munich in 1921; his dissertation involved a study of symbolic logic. In the four-year period following his graduation, London taught at various secondary schools in Germany and continued to study and...