Frederick Gowland Hopkins is considered the founder of British biochemistry. A pioneer in the study and application of what he called accessory food factors and what we call vitamins, he made important contributions to the study of uric acid , isolated tryptophan (a necessary component in nutrition), and developed the concept of essential amino acids. He also did pioneering work on cell metabolism, elucidating the role of enzymatic activity in oxidation processes. With the assistance of physiologist Walter M. Fletcher , he explained the relationship between lactic acid and muscle contraction. He became a member of the Royal Society in 1905, serving as its president in 1931. He was knighted in 1925 and received the Copley Medal of the Royal Society in 1926. For his contributions in the field of nutrition, he was awarded the 1929 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine, sharing the award with the Dutch chemist Christiaan Eijkman. He was presented with...