Wave-particle duality is a term used to describe the modeling of nature by both wave theory and particle theory. In essence, physical phenomena (e.g. electrons, photons, etc.) can exhibit varying degrees (sometimes determined by the experiment...

The nature of light is a very old issue in the history of science, dating back at least to Greek times. The prevalent belief among eighteenth-century natural philosophers was that light was made up of particles, not waves. The revival of the wave...

Introduction to... Mathematical formulation...