THEODICY. Why do the righteous suffer? Why do the wicked prosper? Why do innocent children experience illness and death? These are ancient questions, but they have been given new poignancy in our day by the events of the European Holocaust. The fact...

Theodicy is a concept developed by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646–1716) to justify the existence and absolute perfection of God despite the evil that exists in the world. The term appeared in 1710 in the title of Leibniz's work...

General approaches Agnosticism · Atheism · Deism Henotheism · Ignosticism · Misotheism Monism · Monotheism · Nontheism Pandeism · Panentheism · Pantheism Polytheism · Theism · Transcendence...

The Classical Problem of Evil IT HAS LONG BEEN URGED AGAINST TRADITIONAL THEISM, very long indeed, that God's perfections-specifically in the domains of goodness, knowledge and power-are logically incompatible with the existence of unwarranted human suffering. It has almost equally long been urged...

The Classical Problem of Evil IT HAS LONG BEEN URGED AGAINST TRADITIONAL THEISM, very long indeed, that God's perfections-specifically in the domains of goodness, knowledge and power-are logically incompatible with the existence of unwarranted human suffering. It has almost equally long been...

"Was God in the Tsunami?" I woke up to that question in my Yahoo inbox four days after the waves struck, a posting from Beliefnet, a popular discussion list I subscribe to. It was the morning when the death-toll estimates had gone into six figures...

I’m beginning to feel that Norman Mailer might have made a strategic mistake in recent interviews plugging his new book on writing, The Spooky Art. A strategic mistake in conspicuously low-balling his life’s work, his achievements as opposed to his once-grand expectations of himself. He...