The complete online text of The Man Who Laughs by Victor Hugo.

On 22 May 1885 Victor Hugo died, prompting international mourning unprecedented for a literary figure. Within an hour the periodical Gil Blas published a special edition, which sold out everywhere, and soon millions flocked to Paris in a spectacular disp...

No century of French literature has been better represented by a single author than the nineteenth, and no writer better personifies the French nineteenth century than Victor Hugo. His life span corresponds closely to the century's limits; for fully fift...

Victor Hugo, one of France's most prolific nineteenth-century authors, wrote novels, poems, and dramatic works. His career as a playwright began in 1816 and ended almost sixty years later. The dramas and prefaces that he wrote between 1826 and 1843 const...

ROBERT FISK Cairo The threats of revenge against Israel were as swift as they were inevitable. From both Damascus and Gaza came promises that the assassination in Malta of the small, bespectacled man who looked more like a schoolmaster than the leader...

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