Teleology [addendum] Teleological explanations are said to be forward looking. We ask why Lauren is walking and are told her purpose, which is to buy ice cream when she gets to the shop. Or we ask why vertebrates have kidneys and are told their...

Philosophical theory of striving to achieve...

Teleology The term teleology locates a series of connected philosophical questions. If we grant that there is such a thing as purposive or goal-directed activity (as we must, since, for example, a political campaign aimed at victory represents a clear,...

Organismic Biology The term organismalism was coined by the zoologist W. E. Ritter in 1919 to describe the theory that, in his words, "the organism in its totality is as essential to an explanation of its elements as its elements are to an...

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The Bob Dylan Encyclopedia, by Michael Gray. Continuum, 736 pages, $40. Bob Dylan is a senior citizen. That’s right: The voice of a generation, the voice that implored millions to “stay forever young,” hit 65 last month. Robert Zimmerman with the Zimmer Frame...

The Bob Dylan Encyclopedia, by Michael Gray. Continuum, 736 pages, $40. Bob Dylan is a senior citizen. That’s right: The voice of a generation, the voice that implored millions to “stay forever young,” hit 65 last month. Robert Zimmerman with the Zimmer Frame blues?...

In a way, it goes back to the spirit of the early Edgy Enthusiast columns, which were numbered riffs on cultural obsessions. Playlists, even—dare I say it? —pre-blog blogging. Not really: but …. 1 Did you know that Jorn Barger, the guy generally known...

Think of this week's column as a play list for the overeducated, the media-saturated, the culturally jaded: things you may have missed, things you ought not miss, things you still can see and hear. Things "arts journalists" have not covered. Cultural news for those people...