Before they can help other immune cells respond to a foreign protein or pathogenic organism, helper T cells must first become activated. This process occurs when an antigen-presenting cell submits a fragment of a foreign protein, bound to a Class II...

T helper cells (also known as effector T cells or Th cells) are a sub-group of lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell or leukocyte) that plays an important role in establishing and maximizing the capabilities of the immune system. These cells are...

Retinoic Acid Enhances the T Helper 2 Cell Development That Is Essential for Robust Antibody Responses through Its Action on Antigen-Presenting Cells1 (Manuscript received 24 April 2002. Initial review completed 6 August 2002. Revision accepted 16 September 2002) ABSTRACT Previously we reported...

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