The S-A node or sino-atrial node (also spelled unhyphenated as the sinoatrial node) is a specialized area of tissue located along the upper margin of the right atrium of the heart that acts to regulate the contractions of the heart. The S-A node is...

The sinoAtrial node (abbreviated SA node or SAN, also called the sinus node) is the impulse generating (pacemaker) tissue located in the right atrium of the heart, and thus the generator of sinus rhythm. It is a group of cells positioned on the wall of...

John N. Catanzaro, MD, Michael P. Nett, MD, Marcello Rota, PhD, Mario Vassalle, MD Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA Aim: The study of the mechanisms underlying the oscillatory afterpotential (V^sub...

ABSTRACT Recent studies employing Ca^sup 2+^ indicators and confocal microscopy demonstrate substantial local Ca^sup 2+^ release beneath the cell plasma membrane (subspace) of sinoatrial node cells (SANCs) occurring during diastolic depolarization. Pharmacological and biophysical experiments have suggested that the released Ca^sup 2+^ interacts with...