In the following essay, originally published in 1886, Hearn decries the "revolting realism" prevalent among the works of his contemporary writers in France.
We have frequently drawn a...
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In the following essay, Humphries questions the ability of realistic fiction faithfully to reproduce reality without evoking an allegorical significance.
It has become almost a cliché of mod...
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In the following excerpt, Steele analyzes the setting of L'Education sentimentale in order to examine the problematic nature of representation in this Realist text.
The setting of L '...
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In the following essay, Boyd surveys the history of French Realism from the writings of Balzac to those of his contemporaries in the 1920s.
The connotations of the word "realism" in F...
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In the following excerpt, Weinberg reviews the basic tenets of, and the vehement reaction against, French Realism of the mid-nineteenth century.
To state adequately the history of realistic theory,...
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In the following excerpt, Levin outlines the historical contexts of Realism and discusses its predominance in the French literary tradition.
The Context of Realism
We are dealing with a general ten...
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In the following essay, Kelly examines the critical reaction to the rise of both photography and the Realist aesthetic in mid-nineteenth century France.
In May 1841, two years after François...
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In the following essay, Mylne explores the trend toward increased use of realistic dialogue in French fiction of the eighteenth century.
One element of French novels which shows a marked change dur...
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In the following essay, Becker investigates the works of the Goncourt brothers, highlighting their innovations in the techniques of realism and overall importance to the Realist movement.
Of all th...
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In the following excerpt, Scott discusses the importance of religion, primarily as an object of ridicule and derision, in several French Realist novels.
An aim common to most novelists during the s...
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In the following essay, originally delivered as a lecture in 1977, White examines affinities between the realistic style of Flaubert's Sentimental Education and Marx's historical and ide...
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In the following excerpt, Bates provides an overview of nineteenth-century European realist short fiction writers Anton Chekhov (here spelled Tchehov), Guy de Maupassant, and Leo Tolstoy.
Tchehov an...
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In the following excerpt, Sullivan categorizes Guy de Maupassant's short fiction.
1. Introduction
The world created by a short-story writer has its own coherence, its own identifying charact...
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In the following essay, Killick considers the influence of Gustave Flaubert on Guy de Maupassant through a comparison of two stories that share similar elements of plot and theme.
Flaubert's...
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In the following essay, Stipa explores the literary symbolism underlying the serving-maid's obsessive infatuation with a dead parrot in Flaubert's story “Un Cœur simple....
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In the following essay, Silbajoris discusses the ways in which the aesthetic principals of Ivan Turgenev inform the realist social critique expressed in his short story collection Sportsman's N...
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In the following essay, Kagan-Kans provides an overview of the development of Russian realism during the period from 1850 to 1880, focusing on the short fiction of Ivan Turgenev, Leo Tolstoy, and Fedo...
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In the following essay, Johnson contends that a shift in Chekhov's narrative perspective during the late period of his career added greater depth and complexity to his short stories.
Raymond...
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In the following essay, Stone provides an overview of the short fiction of Anthony Trollope.
Anthony Trollope's stories constitute a substantial and substantially ignored portion of his prod...
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In the following essay, Allingham delineates the defining characteristics of Dickens's short fiction.
Like Mark Twain, Charles Dickens did not publish a thorough aesthetic or theory of the s...
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In the following essay, Current-Garcia discusses the emergence of a realist aesthetic in American short fiction of the mid-nineteenth century.
By the 1850s many other American writers beside the So...
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In the following essay, Hook contends that Mark Twain's greatest contribution to realism in his short fiction was primarily through his use of American vernacular speech.
1
The short story i...
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In the following essay, Hocks explores the international theme—the contrast between Americans and Europeans—in Henry James's short fiction.
In James studies it is sometimes cus...
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In the following essay, Tintner treats Henry James's short story “The Patagonia” as an attempt to improve the characterization and plot of English realist Anthony Trollope'...
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In looking at the realist frame of reference for Gissing's New Grub Street what the reader expected to receive was a story of literary endeavour and romantic interest. The structure of the n...
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Heroes of American Realism
The American realists of the late 19th century were notably adept at creating deep, memorable characters --whether virtuous or villainous-- who are continuously developed t...
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Throughout his elegant and compact sequence of espionage novels set in the Europe of the 1930’s and 40’s—The Foreign Correspondent is the ninth—Alan Furst has been trying to...
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Throughout his elegant and compact sequence of espionage novels set in the Europe of the 1930’s and 40’s— The Foreign Correspondent is the ninth—Alan Furst has been trying t...
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Selected editorial excerpts from the U.S. press:
MORE REALISM, LESS SPIN (The New York Times, New York)
A new report from Congress's investigative arm provides a
powerful fresh dose of n...
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Question 1 of 10:Born to a working class family in
Salford
,
Albert
climbed the acting ladder until he was taken under whose wing?
Richard
Burton
's
Laurence
Olivier
's
Ralph
Richardson
's
...
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knew it was a bad decision in 2002 but went along with it out of political fears when they should have displayed "courage"so let them twist in the wind now.
And Monday night (8/14) Matthews...
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The virtual 3-D world of "Second Life" has always been a place where people could gather and communicate _ but only by silently typing notes to each other. In attempt to add more realism, "Second L...
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