The name Iberia refers to three historical regions of the old world:
- Iberian Peninsula, in Southwest Europe, location of modern-day Spain and Portugal
- Caucasian Iberia, a land corresponding roughly to modern-day Georgia
- Theme of Iberia, an eastern province of the Byzantine Empire, a land corresponding roughly to modern-day Turkey
Following from these, Iberia may also refer to:
- Iberians, pre-Roman inhabitants of the Iberian Peninsula
- Caucasian Iberians, Greco-Roman designation for Georgians
- Iberia (Albéniz), a piano suite by Isaac Albéniz
- Ibéria (Debussy), the second of three orchestral Images by Claude Debussy
- Iberia (book), by James Michener
- Iberia, Ohio, U.S.
- Iberia Parish, Louisiana, U.S.
- New Iberia, Louisiana, its parish seat.
- Iberia Airlines, largest Spanish airline and flag carrier of Spain.
