A very important source of Islamic law, not to say interpretation of the comes from the traditional sayings of the Prophet and those close to him. These have been collected and are called hadith. Many collections of traditions (ahadith, sing, hadith)...

Burton, J. (1994) An Introduction to the Hadith, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press Cook, M. (1997) ‘The Opponents of the Writing of Tradition in Early Islam’, Arabica 44:43–53 ——(1981) Early Muslim Dogma, New York:...

ḤADĪTH. The Arabic word ḥadīth literally means speech and also new: because speech is created as it is uttered, it is always new. Following Prophet Muḥammad's death (632 CE), people engaged in speech about him...

Hadith (الحديث transliteration: al-ḥadÄ«th/ "Talk Nabawi") are oral traditions relating to the words and deeds of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Hadith collections are regarded as important tools for determining the Sunnah, or Muslim way of...

Although the Qur'an is the only infallible source of Allah's wisdom and guidance, many Muslims recognize the Sunna. This is a collective name given to stories, originally oral narratives, about Muhammad's life and sayings. Supposedly first reported by those close to the Prophet,...

Classical Sufism crystallized in Baghdad in the last quarter of the ninth century C.E.1 Biographers of the early eleventh century worked out a spiritual lineage for Sufism going back to the Companions of the Prophet. They identified the immediate forbearers of the Sufis as...

As a child, Ayaan Hirsi Ali fled violence in Somalia with her family. As an adult she fled Kenya to escape an arranged marriage. She left her adopted Holland after she was caught up in political turmoil and had her life threatened.Now Hirsi Ali _...