An independent variable is the variable that is acted upon by a function. In the traditional variable set-up of an equation like y = 3x + 7 or y = x3, x is the independent variable. That is, y depends upon x. Often, equations can be rewritten so that...

A variable in a phenomenon under investigation that affects some other one; an antecedent condition prior to manipulation and or observation of the dependent...

Dependent and independent variables refer to values that change in relationship to each other. The dependent variables are those that are observed to change in response to the independent variables. The independent variables are those that are...

Objective: Drug-dependent patients show increased negative mood states such as anxiety and depression that interact with drug craving and quality of life. In this study, we compared immigrants with and without drug dependence and assessed whether drug dependence and social status after immigration contributed...

Abstract Although literature in the field has engaged in discussions regarding practitioner skills and characteristics, stated values of the field, intervention strategies, and other related activities, organization development (OD) has been engaging in an ongoing search for further purpose and definition. Several authors...