As is the case with a number of other Islamic discourses, it can be hard to locate the precise boundary of Islamic modernism. Few Muslims explicitly self-identify as "Muslim modernists," instead referring to themselves simply as Muslims,...

Modern Islamic philosophy revives some of the trends of medieval Islamic philosophy, notably the tension between Mutazilite and Asharite view of ethics in science and law, and the duty of Muslims and role of Islam in the sociology of knowledge and in...

Makers of Contemporary Islam, by John L. Esposito and John 0. Voll. Oxford, UK and New York: Oxford University Press, 2001 216 pages. Notes to p. 240. Further reading. to p. 243. Index to p. 257. $35 cloth; $17.95 paper. In Makers of...

Following Muhammad: Rethinking Islam in the Contemporary World, by Carl W. Ernst. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 2003. xxv + 213 pages. Notes to p. 229. Refs. to p. 232. $24.95. It has often been stated that the tragedy of...