City academies, first promulgated in April 2000, are independent, all-ability secondary schools, based on the city technology college (CTC) model and run by private companies and the voluntary sector. Sponsors provide up to 20 per cent of the initial...

Since 2000, "Academy" in England can mean a type of secondary school which is independent but publicly funded and publicly run. As such, Academies are outside the control of the Local Authorities in which they are situated. This type of school was known...